For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan \u201cCoal = Jobs.\u201d <\/p>\n
But recently, fear has settled in. The state\u2019s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.<\/p>\n
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.<\/p>\n
\u201cThere are a lot of people worried,\u201d said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.<\/p>\n
Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.<\/p>\n
\u201cI would have liked to be here for another five years,\u201d he said. \u201cI\u2019m too young to retire.\u201d<\/p>\n
But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,\u201d said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. \u201cNone of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.\u201d<\/p>\n
For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.<\/p>\n
This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country\u2019s largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than 150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.<\/p>\n
The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.<\/p>\n
In recent weeks, the agency held 11 \u201clistening sessions\u201d around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.<\/p>\n
\u201cCoal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,\u201d said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club\u2019s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation\u2019s coal plants.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe have a choice,\u201d he said, \u201cwhich in most cases is cheaper and doesn\u2019t have any of the pollution.\u201d<\/p>\n
Coal\u2019s downward turn has hit Appalachia hardest, but the effects of the transition toward other energy sources has started to ripple westward.<\/p>\n
Mr. Eskelsen said Rocky Mountain Power would place some of the 70 Carbon facility employees at its two other Utah coal plants. Other workers will take early retirement or look for different jobs.<\/p>\n
Still, the notion that this pocket of Utah, where Greek, Italian and Mexican immigrants came to mine coal more than a century ago, could survive without it, is hard for people here to comprehend.
\n\u201cThe attack on coal is so broad-reaching in our little community,\u201d said Casey Hopes, a Carbon County commissioner, whose grandfather was a coal miner. \u201cThe power plants, the mines \u2014 they support so many smaller businesses. We don\u2019t have another industry.\u201d<\/p>\n
Like others in Price, Mr. Hopes voiced frustration with the Obama administration, saying it should be investing more in clean coal technology rather than discarding coal altogether.<\/p>\n
Annual Utah coal production, though, has been slowly declining for a decade according to the federal Energy Information Administration.
\nLast year, mines here produced about 17 million tons of coal, the lowest level since 1987, though production has crept up this year.
\n\u201cThis is the worst we\u2019ve seen it,\u201d said David Palacios, who works for a trucking company that hauls coal to the power plants, and whose business will slow once the Carbon plant closes.<\/p>\n
Mr. Palacios, president of the Southeastern Utah Energy Producers Association, noted that the demand for coal has always ebbed and flowed here.<\/p>\n
\u201cBut this has been two to three years we\u2019re struggling through,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n
Compounding the problem, according to some mining experts, is that until now, most of the state\u2019s coal has been sold and used within the region, rather than being exported overseas. That has left the industry here more vulnerable to local plant closings.<\/p>\n
Cindy Crane, chairwoman of the Utah Mining Association, said demand for Utah coal could eventually drop as much as 50 percent. \u201cFor most players in Utah coal, this a tough time,\u201d said Ms. Crane, vice president of PacifiCorp, a Western utility and mining company that owns the Carbon plant.<\/p>\n
Mr. Nilles of the Sierra Club acknowledged that the shift from coal would not be easy on communities like Carbon County. But employees could be retrained or compensated for lost jobs, he said, and new industries could be drawn to the region.<\/p>\n
Washington State, for example, has worked with municipalities and utilities to ease the transition from coal plants while ensuring that workers are transferred to other energy jobs or paid, if nearing retirement, Mr. Nilles said.<\/p>\n
\u201cCoal has been good to Utah,\u201d Mr. Nilles said, \u201cbut markets for coal are drying up. You need to get ahead of this and make sure the jobs don\u2019t all leave.\u201d<\/p>\n
For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.<\/p>\n
But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change \u2014 if not now, soon.<\/p>\n
David Palacios\u2019s father, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day.<\/p>\n
\u201cI\u2019m retired, so I\u2019ll be fine. But these young guys?\u201d Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.\uff08\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1awww.nytimes.com\/2013\/11\/28\/us\/a-part-of-utah-built-on-coal-wonders-what-comes-next.html\u00a0 \u7ffb\u8bd1\u7855\u58eb\u771f\u9898\u7f51mtizt.com\u6ce8\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n \u5929\u67f1\u53bf\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8d35\u5dde\u7701\u4e1c\u90e8\uff0c\u662f\u5ddd\u6e1d\u9ed4\u901a\u4e24\u5e7f\u3001\u6c5f\u6d59\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95e8\u6237\uff0c\u7d20\u6709\u201c\u9ed4\u4e1c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5173\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u91cd\u6676\u77f3\u4e4b\u4e61\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8d35\u5dde\u9ad8\u539f\u9ec4\u91d1\u57ce\u201d\u4e4b\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n \u5929\u67f1\u53bf\u603b\u9762\u79ef2201\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u8f9616\u4e2a\u4e61\u9547326\u4e2a\u884c\u653f\u6751\uff0c\u603b\u4eba\u53e341\u4e07\u4f59\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f97\u3001\u82d7\u65cf\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u4eba\u53e3\u536098.3%\u3002\u662f\u8d35\u5dde\u7701\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6700\u591a\u7684\u53bf\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n \u5929\u67f1\u8574\u85cf\u7740\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6c14\u5019\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\u80a5\u6c83\uff0c\u662f\u8d35\u5dde\u91cd\u8981\u7cae\u98df\u751f\u4ea7\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4eab\u6709\u201c\u9ed4\u4e1c\u7cae\u4ed3\u201d\u7684\u7f8e\u8a89\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u5e74\u4ea7\u70df\u53f62.6\u4e07\u62c5\uff08\u4e00\u62c5=50\u516c\u65a4\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u70df\u53f6\u4e3b\u4ea7\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6797\u4e1a\u8d44\u6e90\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u9762\u79ef\u8fbe185\u4e07\u4ea9\uff08\u4e00\u4ea9=1\/15\u516c\u9877\uff09\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u8fbe56%\uff0c\u662f\u8d35\u5dde\u5341\u5927\u6797\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\u53bf\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u91cd\u6676\u77f3\u3001\u9ec4\u91d1\u3001\u7164\u7b49\u77ff\u4ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u5c24\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n \u5929\u67f1\u4e58\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e1c\u98ce\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u5168\u53bf\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7a33\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u5b9e\u529b\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574\u65e5\u8d8b\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f97\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u57ce\u9547\u9762\u8c8c\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\u3002\u201c\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u4f18\u7f8e\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u670d\u52a1\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u5c45\u6761\u4ef6\u4f18\u826f\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u5929\u67f1\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u4eba\u9762\u524d\u3002\uff08\u8282\u9009\u81ea http:\/\/qdntz.investgz.gov.cn\/tzhj.xhtml \u7ffb\u8bd1\u7855\u58eb\u771f\u9898\u7f51mtizt.com\u6ce8\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n \u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587<\/span>\uff1aTianzhu County is a vital gateway linking Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou with Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.<\/p>\n A county on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Tianzhu is home to the largest barite deposit in China and known for its bonanza gold\/gold deposit.<\/p>\n Tianzhu County has under its jurisdiction 16 townships governing 315 administrative villages.<\/p>\n Tianzhu has a total population of 410,000, of which the Dong, Miao and other ethnic minority groups account for 98.3%, one of the highest percentages among all counties in Guizhou.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u771f\u9898\u6765\u81ea@brotherfive 06-13\u5e74CATTI\u4e09\u7ea7\u7b14\u8bd1\u5b9e\u52a1\u771f\u9898\u53ca\u7b54\u6848 pdf \u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u4e91<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) For … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb CATTI\u82f1\u8bed\u7b14\u8bd1\u5b9e\u52a1(3\u7ea7)2015\u5e745\u6708\u8003\u8bd5\u771f\u9898<\/span> Section2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)<\/h3>\n