It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.<\/p>\n
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.<\/p>\n
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. \u201cIt all traced back to this one word,\u201d says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn’t reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. \u201cThings spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.\u201d<\/p>\n
When such misunderstandings happen, it\u2019s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.<\/p>\n
The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe native English speaker is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,\u201d she adds.<\/p>\n
Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there\u2019s cultural style, Zurich-based Michael Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying \u201cThat\u2019s interesting\u201d, a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, \u201cThat\u2019s rubbish.\u201d But other nationalities would take the word \u201cinteresting\u201d on face value, he says.<\/p>\n
In Berlin, Dale Coulter, head of English at one language course provider, saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.<\/p>\n
It\u2019s the native speaker who often risks missing out on closing a deal, warns Frenchman Jean-Paul Nerriere, formerly a senior international marketing executive at IBM.<\/p>\n
\u201cToo many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not \u2018losing face\u2019 \u2014 and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhen trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it\u2019s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English\u201d, says Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK\u2019s University of Southampton.<\/p>\n
\u201cPeople who\u2019ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n
In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Rob Steggles, senior marketing director for Europe at a telecommunications company.
\nHe recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledg- ement, reaction or action.\uff08\u51fa\u81eawww.bbc.com\/capital\/story\/20161028-native-english-speakers-are-the-worlds-worst-communicators mtizt.com\u6ce8\uff09<\/p>\n
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\u7531\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u8be5\u505c\u6b62\u90a3\u5957\u65e7\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n \u8a79\u5c3c\u5f17\u00b7\u8a79\u91d1\u65af\uff08JenniferJenkins\uff09\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5357\u5b89\u666e\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5168\u7403\u82f1\u8bed\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5979\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6bcd\u8bed\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u91c7\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u65f6\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8bb2\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5b58\u5728\u969c\u788d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n 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\u6709\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u5185\u91cc\u57c3\uff08Nerriere\uff09\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5316\u82f1\u8bed\uff08Globish\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u5c06\u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u9650\u5236\u57281500\u5b57\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u5948\u6613\u8036\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u82f1\u8bed\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u201d\u81ea2004\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u5168\u7403\u5316\u82f1\u8bed\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u752818\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5316\u82f1\u8bed\u6559\u6750\u9500\u91cf\u903e20\u4e07\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5948\u6613\u8036\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u80fd\u7528\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u65e2\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53c8\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u6c9f\u901a\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n \u8a79\u91d1\u65af\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u7fa4\u82f1\u8bed\u6d41\u5229\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5305\u5bb9\u548c\u4f53\u8c05\uff0c\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n \u8a79\u91d1\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e0a\u5c31\u505a\u7684\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4f1a\u82f1\u8bed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5927\u9002\u5e94\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u79cd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n \u65af\u6234\u683c\u5c14\u65af\uff08Steggles\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u5f00\u4f1a\u65f6\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8bed\u901f\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5219\u6025\u4e8e\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n \u65af\u6234\u683c\u5c14\u65af\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u65b9\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba4\u53ef\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n \u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u5b58\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u7164\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u9ad8\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u9ad8\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7406\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a8\u52a8\u5168\u7403\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n \u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u89c6\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u628a\u79ef\u6781\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u628a\u7eff\u8272\u4f4e\u78b3\u53d1\u5c55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u6587\u660e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n \u52302020\u5e74\u5355\u4f4d\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u6bd42005\u5e74\u4e0b\u964d40%-45%\uff0c\u975e\u5316\u77f3\u80fd\u6e90\u5360\u4e00\u6b21\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8d39\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u8fbe\u523015% \uff0c \u68ee\u6797\u9762\u79ef\u6bd42005\u5e74\u589e\u52a04000\u4e07\u516c\u9877\uff0c\u68ee\u6797\u84c4\u79ef\u91cf2005\u5e74\u589e\u52a013\u4ebf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u5c06\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u3001\u6797\u4e1a\u3001\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u7b49\u91cd\u70b9\u9886\u57df\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u6cbf\u6d77\u3001\u751f\u6001\u8106\u5f31\u5730\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u6548\u62b5\u5fa1\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u62b5\u6297\u80fd\u529b\u3002\uff08\u539f\u6587\u51fa\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u5411\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u6846\u67b6\u516c\u7ea6\u79d8\u4e66\u5904\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u4e3b\u8d21\u732e\u6587\u4ef6\u300a\u5f3a\u5316\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u884c\u52a8 \u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u4e3b\u8d21\u732e\u300b mtizt.com\u6ce8\uff09<\/p>\n China attaches great importance to addressing climate change since long, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as important component of the ecological civilization process. It has already taken a series of climate actions which represent a significant contribution to combating the global climate change.<\/p>\n In 2009, China announced internationally that by 2020 it will lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% from the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to about 15% and increase the forested area by 40 million hectares and the forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 levels.<\/p>\n China will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas and to progressively strengthen early warning and emergency response systems and disaster prevention and reduction mechanisms. <\/p><\/div>\n <\/p>\n CATTI\u4e09\u7ea7\u7b14\u8bd1\u5b9e\u52a1\u771f\u9898\u53ca\u7b54\u6848\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u4e91\uff08\u7a0d\u540e\uff09<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) It w … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb CATTI\u82f1\u8bed\u7b14\u8bd1\u5b9e\u52a1(3\u7ea7)2017\u5e7411\u6708\u8003\u8bd5\u771f\u9898\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587<\/span> \u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587:<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>
Section2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)<\/h3>\n
\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587:<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>