1. Austerity measures: \u8d22\u653f\u7d27\u7f29\u63aa\u65bd<\/p>\n
2. UNESCO: \u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7( United\u00a0Nations\u00a0Educational,Scientific\u00a0and\u00a0Cultural Organization )<\/p>\n
3. The US Senate: (\u7f8e\u56fd)\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u00a0<\/p>\n
4. APEC: \u4e9a\u592a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e9a\u592a\u7ecf\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)<\/p>\n
5. Washington \u00a0Post: (\u7f8e\u56fd)\u300a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u300b<\/p>\n
6. NATO: \u5317\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u516c\u7ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)<\/p>\n
7. Arab Spring: \u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e4b\u6625<\/p>\n
8. Gary Locke: \u9a86\u5bb6\u8f89 (\u539f\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u534e\u5927\u4f7f\uff09<\/p>\n
9. Reuters\uff1a(\u82f1\u56fd)<\/span><\/span>\u8def\u900f\u793e<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n 10. Wall Street \u00a0Journal\uff1a(\u7f8e\u56fd)\u300a\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u65e5\u62a5<\/span>\u300b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n II. \u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587<\/p>\n \u5341\u4e8c\u4e94\u89c4\u5212\uff1aTwelfth Five-Year Plan<\/p>\n \u5341\u4e03\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\uff1athe\u00a0Sixth\u00a0Plenary\u00a0Session\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0seventeenthCentral\u00a0Committee<\/p>\n \u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\uff1aNPC\u00a0(\u00a0National\u00a0People’s\u00a0Congress\u00a0)<\/p>\n \u65b0\u534e\u793e\uff1athe\u00a0Xinhua\u00a0News\u00a0Agency<\/p>\n \u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff1a\u00a0Soft Power<\/p>\n \u4e2d\u7f8e\u6218\u7565\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff1aChina-US\u00a0Strategic\u00a0and\u00a0EconomicDialogue<\/p>\n \u4e0a\u6d77\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1aSCO\u00a0(\u00a0Shanghai\u00a0Cooperation\u00a0Organization\u00a0)<\/p>\n \u73e0\u6c5f\u4e09\u89d2\u5dde\uff1aPearl\u00a0River\u00a0Delta<\/p>\n \u897f\u6c14\u4e1c\u8f93\uff1aproject of natural gas transmission from\u00a0<\/span><\/span>West<\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>to East China; West\u2013East Gas Pipeline<\/span><\/p>\n \u5317\u4eac\u5171\u8bc6: Beijing\u00a0Consensus<\/p>\n Reforming education<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 -The great schools revolution<\/p>\n Education remains the trickiest part of attempts to reform the public sector. But as ever more countries embark on it, some vital lessons are beginning to be learned<\/p>\n Sep 17th 2011 | DRESDEN, NEW YORK AND WROCLAW| from the print edition<\/p>\n FROM Toronto to Wroclaw, London to Rome, pupils and teachers have been returning to the classroom after their summer break. But this September schools themselves are caught up in a global battle of ideas. In many countries education is at the forefront of political debate, and reformers desperate to improve their national performance are drawing examples of good practice from all over the world.<\/p>\n Why now? One answer is the sheer amount of data available on performance, not just within countries but between them. In 2000 the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) at the OECD, a rich-country club, began tracking academic attainment by the age of 15 in 32 countries. Many were shocked by where they came in the rankings. (PISA\u2019s latest figures appear in table 1.) Other outfits, too, have been measuring how good or bad schools are. McKinsey, a consultancy, has monitored which education systems have improved most in recent years.<\/p>\n Technology has also made a difference. After a number of false starts, many people now believe that the internet can make a real difference to educating children. Hence the success of institutions like America\u2019s Kahn Academy (see article). Experimentation is also infectious; the more governments try things, the more others examine, and copy, the results.<\/p>\n Above all, though, there has been a change in the quality of the debate. In particular, what might be called \u201cthe three great excuses\u201d for bad schools have receded in importance. Teachers\u2019 unions have long maintained that failures in Western education could be blamed on skimpy government spending, social class and cultures that did not value education. All these make a difference, but they do not determine outcomes by themselves.<\/p>\n The idea that good schooling is about spending money is the one that has been beaten back hardest. Many of the 20 leading economic performers in the OECD doubled or tripled their education spending in real terms between 1970 and 1994, yet outcomes in many countries stagnated\u2014or went backwards. Educational performance varies widely even among countries that spend similar amounts per pupil. Such spending is highest in the United States\u2014yet America lags behind other developed countries on overall outcomes in secondary education. Andreas Schleicher, head of analysis at PISA, thinks that only about 10% of the variation in pupil performance has anything to do with money.<\/p>\n Many still insist, though, that social class makes a difference. Martin Johnson, an education trade unionist, points to Britain\u2019s \u201cinequality between classes, which is among the largest in the wealthiest nations\u201d as the main reason why its pupils underperform. A review of reforms over the past decade by researchers at Oxford University supports him. \u201cDespite rising attainment levels,\u201d it concludes, \u201cthere has been little narrowing of longstanding and sizeable attainment gaps. Those from disadvantaged backgrounds remain at higher risks of poor outcomes.\u201d American studies confirm the point; Dan Goldhaber of the University of Washington claims that \u201cnon-school factors\u201d, such as family income, account for as much as 60% of a child\u2019s performance in school.<\/p>\n Yet the link is much more variable than education egalitarians suggest. Australia, for instance, has wide discrepancies of income, but came a creditable ninth in the most recent PISA study. China, rapidly developing into one of the world\u2019s least equal societies, finished first.<\/p>\n Culture is certainly a factor. Many Asian parents pay much more attention to their children\u2019s test results than Western ones do, and push their schools to succeed. Singapore, Hong Kong and South Korea sit comfortably at the top of McKinsey\u2019s rankings (see table 2). But not only do some Western countries do fairly well; there are also huge differences within them. Even if you put to one side the unusual Asians, as this briefing will now do, many Western systems could jump forward merely by bringing their worst schools up to the standard of their best.<\/p>\n So what are the secrets of success? Though there is no one template, four important themes emerge: decentralisation (handing power back to schools); a focus on underachieving pupils; a choice of different sorts of schools; and high standards for teachers. These themes can all be traced in three places that did well in McKinsey\u2019s league: Ontario, Poland and Saxony.<\/p>\n \u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u65b0\u95fb\u529e\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f2011\u5e7410\u670827\u53f7\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n \u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3001\u63d0\u70bc\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u6c38\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u8981\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3002\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u957f\u671f\u800c\u53c8\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0d\u65ad\u5411\u524d\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n \u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u529b\u5728\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6709\u6cd5\u53ef\u4f9d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u6cd5\u5fc5\u4f9d\uff08\u8bd5\u5377\u4e2d\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u6709\u6cd5\u53ef\u4f9d\u201d\uff09\u3001\u6267\u6cd5\u5fc5\u4e25\u3001\u8fdd\u6cd5\u5fc5\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3001\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u79ef\u6781\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u4fdd\u969c\u5baa\u6cd5\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u63a8\u8fdb\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\uff08\u8bd5\u5377\u4e2d\u5c45\u7136\u662f\u201c\u5c06\u662f\u201d\uff09\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u4e0a\u6d77\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5927\u5b66MTI\u771f\u9898\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a\u767e\u5ea6\u4e91<\/a><\/p>\n \u771f\u9898\u6765\u81ea\u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \u77ed\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b54\u6848\u7531MTIZT.COM\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" I. Phrase Translation 1. Austerity measures: \u8d22\u653f\u7d27\u7f29\u63aa\u65bd 2. … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb \u4e0a\u6d77\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5927\u5b662012\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7855\u58ebMTI\u771f\u9898\u4e0e\u7b54\u6848<\/span> II. Passage translation<\/h3>\n
Section A English to Chinese<\/strong><\/h4>\n
Section\u00a0B Chinese to English<\/strong><\/h4>\n