I. Translate the following terms into Chinese: (15ps)

1) deoxyribonucleic acid：脱氧核糖核酸

2) force majeure：不可抗力

3) carbon dioxide：二氧化碳  

4) magic realism：魔幻现实主义

5) OED：牛津英语词典(Oxford English Dictionary)

6) the APEC CEO Summit：亚太经合会议企业领袖论坛

7)  UNFCCC：联合国气候变化框架公约(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

8) On the Origin of Species：物种起源

9) multipolarity：多极化

10) ecocriticlsm：生态批评

11) thriller film：惊悚片；惊险片；恐怖片

12) FOB：离岸价格；船上交货价格（free on board）

13) optimize economic structure：优化经济结构

14) overall revitalization：全面振兴

15) Silicon Valley：硅谷

II. Translate the following terms into English: (15ps)

1) 白条：（财务上指非正式单据） blank note

2) 共赢；win-win

3) 硕士点：master degree program；master station

4) 钉子户；Nail house； nail household

5) 次贷危机: Subprime mortgage crisis

6)金砖四国；the BRICs（Brazil,Russia,India,China）

7)亲子鉴定；Parental testing

8)打黑除恶；crime crackdown; gang crackdown

9)整顿小煤矿；rectifying small coal mines; bring order to small coal mines

10)中国大陆：Mainland China

11)教师休息室：Faculty Lounge

12)混合动力汽车：HEV ( Hybrid Electric Vehicle )

13)四项基本原则：the four cardinal principles

14)发展是硬道理：Development is of overriding importance. /Development is the absolute need./Development is the absolute principle.

15)社会主义和谐社会: harmonious socialist society

III. Translate the underlined part into Chinese: (60ps)

Man was the last to come but the first to use his brain for the purpose of conquering the forces of nature. That is the reason why we are going to study him, rather than cats or dogs or horses or any of the other animals, who, all in their own way, have a very interesting historical development behind them.

In the beginning, the planet upon which we live was (as far as we now know ) a large ball of flaming mater, a tiny cloud of smoke in the endless ocean of space, Gradually, in the course of millions of years, the surface burned out, and was covered with a thin layer of rocked. Upon these lifeless rocks the rain descended in endless torrents, wearing out the hard granite and carrying the dust to the valleys that lay hidden between the high cliffs of the steaming earth. Finally the hour came when the sun broke through the clouds and saw how this little planet was covered with a few small puddles which were to develop, into the might, oceans of the eastern and western hemispheres.

Then one day the great wonder happened. What had been dead gave birth
to life, The first living cell floated upon the waters of the sea. For millions of years it drifted aimlessly with the currents. But during all that time it was developing certain habits that aimlessly with the currents. But during all that time it was developing certain habits that it might survive more easily upon the inhospitable earth. Some of these ceils were happiest in the dark depths of the lakes and the pools. They took root in the slimy sediments which had been carried down from the tops of the hills and they became plants. Others preferred to move about and they grew strange jointed legs, like scorpions and began to crawl the bottom of the sea amidst the plants and the pale green things that looked like jelly-fishes. Still others (covered with scales)depended upon a swimming motion to go from place to place in their search for food, and gradually they populated the ocean with myriads of fishes.

Meanwhile the plants had increased in number and they had to search for new dwelling places. There was no more morn for them at the bottom of the sea Reluctantly they left the water and made a new home in the marshes and on the mud-bends that lay at the foot of the mountains. Twice a day the tides of the ocean covered them with their brine. For the rest of the time, the plants made the best of their uncomfortable situation and tried to survive in the thin air which surrounded the surface of the planet. After centuries of training, they learned how to live as comfortably in the air as they’ had done in the water. They increased in size and became shrubs and trees and at last they learned how to grow lovely flowers which attracted the attrition of the busy big bumble-bees and the birds who carried the seeds far and wide until the whole earth had become covered with green pastures, or lay dark under the shadow of the big trees. But some of the fishes too had begun to leave the sea, and they had learned how to breathe with lungs as well as with gills. We call such creatures amphibious, which means that they are able to live with equal case on the land and in the water. The first frog who erodes your path can tell you all about the pleasures of the double existence of the amphibian.

参考译文：（稍后）

IV. Translate the following part into English: (60ps)

集赋者，集而藏之者也。集与藏并不是相同的概念。集在先，藏在后。集， 重在数量之繁富；藏，贵在时间之恒久。两者既相互联结，又相互渗透，形成了 一种文化形态，古今中外都有集藏活动.它随着对代的推进而逐步走向丰富多彩， 引人入胜。这正反映了人类文明进步与社会多层次文化发展的一个侧面。

一个胜任的翻译家应该同时从事些研宄工作，对所译作者的生平及思想应有 一定的了解。我倾向于把翻译家分作二类。一类是即兴的(或打游击式的)翻译家， 另一类是阵地翻译家，他们往往以毕生精力系统地翻译一两位外国作家的著作， 如潘家洵之于易卜生，傅雷之于巴尔扎克以及汝龙之于契可失。这类翻译家往往在翻译之余，也从事研究工作。

参考译文：（稍后）

 

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