I. Phrase Translation

IBM：美国国际商用机器公司（International Business Machine）

FOB：离岸价(Free On Board)  

EVP: 超自然电子噪声现象(Electronic Voice Phenomena)

COD: 货到付款（cash on delivery）

SINOCHEM: 中国化工进出口总公司

ASEM: 亚欧会议(Asia-Europe Meeting)

SOMTI: 亚欧贸易投资高官会(Senior Officials’ Meeting on Trade and Investment )

EU integration: 欧盟一体化

virtual secretariat: 网上秘书处; 虚拟秘书处

the enforcement procedure: 执行程序

appoint and empower: 任命和授权

live transmission: 实时传输; 现场直播

High Tech Zone: 高新技术区; 高新区

劳务出口: the export of labor services; labor export

利率市场化: interest rates liberalization

厉行节约: practise (strict) economy

劣质工程: shoddy engineering

联合管理: joint administration; Jointed Management

基本人权: basic human rights

恢复法制: restore the rule of law

宏观政策: Macro Policy

坚持党的群众路线: stick to/uphold/adhere to the party’s mass line

贿选: practise bribery at an election; get elected by bribery

科普活动: activity to popularize scientific knowledge

劳逸结合: balance between work and rest [leisure]

控制人口数量: control the population size

快递: Express; express delivery

空中交通管制: air traffic control

II. Passage translation 

Section A English to Chinese

Attheclose of 1933, Keynes addressed a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, which， not seeking reticence, he published in the New York Times. A single sentence summarized his case: “I lay overwhelming emphasis on the increase of national purchasing power resulting from governmental expenditure which is financed by loans….” The following year he visited FDR but the letter had been a better means of communication. Each man was puzzled by the face-to-face encounter. The President thought Keynes some kind of “a mathematician rather than a political economist.” Keynes was depressed; he had “supposed the President was more literate, economically speaking.”

If corporations are large and strong, as they already were in the thirties, they can reduce their prices. And if unions are nonexistent or weak, as they were at the time in the United States, labor can then be forced to accept wage reductions. Action by one company will force action by another. The modern inflationary spiral will work in reverse; the reduced purchasing power of workers will add to its force. Through the National Recovery Administration Washington was trying to arrest this process―a reasonable and even wise effort, given the circumstances. This Keynes and most economists did not see; he and they believed the NRA wrong, and ever since it has had a poor press. One of FDR’s foolish mistakes. Keynes wanted much more vigorous borrowing and spending; he thought the Administration far too cautious. And Washington was, indeed, reluctant.

In the early thirties the Mayor of New York was James J. Walker. Defending a casual attitude toward dirty literature, as it was then called, he said he had never heard of a girl being seduced by a book. Keynes was now, after a fashion, to prove Walker wrong. Havingfailedbydirect, practical persuasion, he proceeded to seduce Washington and the world by way of a book. Further to prove the point against Walker, it was a nearly unreadable one.

参考译文：在 1933 年末，凯恩斯给富兰克林 D. 罗斯福写了一封信，不是为谋求沉默， 他把信发表在纽约时报上。一句话可概括他的意思：“我十万分地强调，国家购 买力的增加取决于政府贷款融资的支出…”除去信件是一种比较好的交流方式 外，第二年他拜访了罗斯福。每个男人都会因当面的遭遇而感困惑。罗斯福总统 认为凯恩斯是某类数学家，而不是政治经济学家。”凯恩斯很沮丧；他曾说“从经 济学方面而言，假定总统更有学养。

如果企业规模巨大且实力很强，像 30 年代的那些企业一样，它们就可以降 低它们的产品价格。而如果没有工会，或者工会力量很弱，像那时的美国企业， 工人就可能被迫接受降低工资。 一个公司的行为就会使另一个公司效仿。现代的 恶性通胀会起反作用； 降低工人的购买力就会增加通胀的力度。 通过国家贮备局， 华盛顿正试图阻止这个过程―一个合理的甚至明智的努力，考虑到了种种情形。 凯恩斯和大多数经济学家并没有领会到这点；他和他们认为是国家贮备局的错 误，而且从那时起国家贮备局一直未尽力。这成了罗斯福愚蠢的错误之一。凯恩 斯渴望更多的有活力的借贷和支出，他认为管理局太谨慎了。而华盛顿确实很不情愿。

30年代初纽约市长是詹姆斯·J沃克。他对当时人们指责他对所谓的肮脏文学持漫不经的态度作辩护。说他从未听说过有哪位女孩子会为书所勾引。似乎可以这么说凯恩斯有点想证明沃克是错误。他既然未能用直接的、实际的劝说获得成功于是便着手通过一本书来勾引华盛顿和世人。为了进一步证实沃克观点是错误的，他所选的这本书几乎难以理解的一本书。

Section B Chinese to English 

自核武器出现以来，人类一直生活在核战争威胁的巨大阴影之下。全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，是一切热爱和平人们的共同夙愿，也是中国一贯倡导并不懈追求的目标。

在上世纪60年代初，中国政府就郑重发表声明，倡议召开世界各国首脑会议，讨论全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器问题。作为核武器国家，中国从不回避自己在核裁军方面的责任。

中国发展有限的核力量，完全是为了自卫。中国始终恪守在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺，是唯一做出上述承诺的核武器国家。中国这一政策今后也不会改变。

参考译文：Ever since nuclear weapons came into being, mankind has been living under the enormous shadow of the threat of a nuclear war. To achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a world free of nuclear weapons is the common aspiration of all peace-loving people. It is also a goal that China has all along been advocating and pursuing with unremitting efforts.

Back in the early 1960s, the Chinese Government issued a solemn statement, calling for the convening of a summit of world leaders to discuss the issue of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. As a nuclear-weapon state, China has never evaded its responsibilities in nuclear disarmament.

It is solely for the purpose of self-defense that China has developed limited nuclear capabilities. And we have faithfully abided by our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. In fact, we are the only nuclear-weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment and this policy will not change in the future.

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