Part One: Vocabulary (1×30=30 points)
Section A English to Chinese
Translate the following, English terms into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer sheet.
1. cultural identity
2. foreignization and domestication
3. UESTC
4. TOEFL
5.Ainctional equivalence
6. poetics
7.foreigh capital flow
8.carbon emission reduction goal
9.intemational monetary foundation
10.humanitarian crisis
11 .most-favored nation treatment
12. Zeitgeist
13.Silicon Valley
14. box office
15.WAN(Wide Area Network)
参考译文:
Section B Chinese to English
Translate the following Chinese terms into English. Write your translation on Answer sheet
1.目的语
2.双边贸易
3.文化移情
4.红楼梦
5.适度从紧
6.(美）中期选举
7.房奴
8.货币操纵国
9.伤痕文学
10.人间天堂
11.第三产业
12.贸易逆差
13.绿色国民经济
14.改译
15.早恋
参考译文:
Part Two Text (2×60=120 points)
Section A English to Chinese
Translate the following. English text into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer sheet.
The Nature of Language
The nature of language is the nature of human thought and human action, for language is no more nor less than the tool of both of these aspects of human nature. A word is either the shadow of an act or of an idea. Verbal sounds have no meaning in themselves. They are the channels, the media for the expression or communication of Aat which lies outside of themselves. Plato has made clear to us how easy it is to deceive ourselves with words, to labor under an iixq)ression that just because we can utter a sound we also necessarily know what we are talking about.
Words may be empty vessels and pour out no more than hollow sounds. We find it simple to define some words and extremely difficult to define others. The reason is that (he definition of a word is the experience it records. Hence the definiteness of a definition of a word is in proportion to the vividness of the experience, its meaning. We readily define chair because of our frequent expmence with the object of which the sound is a symbol. We define it in terms of our experience, as an object to sit in. But a definition of terms like truth, or virtue, or honesty, or beauty is a most severe trial because of the haziness or complete lack of experiences of this nature. What, then, is the source of the meaning of words? What is the relationship between words, things, and actions?
Meaning begins as behavior and culminates as language. There is meaning as behavior and meaning as language. And meaning as language is the consequence of meaning as behavior. There can be behavior without language, but there could be no meaning as language without behavior. The . source of the meaning of words is thus behavior. The relationship between behavior and things gives rise to the meaning of words. Meaning is inherent neither in flings nor in words, but both things and words obtain their meaning from behavior.
参考译文:
Section B Chinese to English
Translate the following Chinese text Into English. Write your translation on Answer sheet.
选自《红楼梦》第九回
曹雪芹著
原来这义学也离家不远，原系当日始祖所立,恐族中子弟有力不能殖师者，即入此中读 书。凡族中为官者皆有帮助银两，以为学中裔火之费；举年高有德之人为塾师。如今秦宝二 人来了，一一的都互相拜见过，读起书来。自此后二人同来同往同起同坐，愈加亲密。兼贾 母爱惜，也常留下秦钟一住三五天，和自己重孙一般看待。因见秦钟家中不甚宽裕，又助些 衣服等物。不上一两月工夫，秦钟在荣府里便惯熟了。宝玉终是个不能安分守理的人,一味 的随心所欲，因此发了癖性，又向秦钟悄说：“咱们两个人，一样的年纪，况又同窗，以后不 必论叔侄，只论弟兄朋友就最了。”先是秦舍不敢，宝玉不从，只叫他兄弟”，叫他表字“鲸 卿’ 秦钟也只得混着乱叫起来。（296个字）
参考译文:
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